<!--Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [title] => &#8220;I Didn’t Expect People to Be So Kind and Compassionate&#8221;
            [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/mit-undergraduate-education
            [image] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Cesar-Meza_hero.png
            [image_alignment] => center center
            [tags] => Array
                (
                    [0] => faculty-and-researchers
                    [1] => health-and-life-sciences
                    [2] => school-of-science
                    [3] => undergraduate-student-aid
                    [4] => whole-student-experience
                )

            [is_video] => 
            [pre-title] => Spectrum Magazine
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [title] => Real People, Real Solutions at D-Lab
            [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/real-people-real-solutions-at-d-lab
            [image] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Real-People_Real-Solutions_hero.png
            [image_alignment] => center center
            [tags] => Array
                (
                    [0] => faculty-and-researchers
                    [1] => school-of-architecture-and-planning
                    [2] => whole-student-experience
                )

            [is_video] => 
            [pre-title] => Spectrum Magazine
        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [title] => MIT economists Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson share Nobel Prize
            [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/mit-economists-daron-acemoglu-and-simon-johnson-share-nobel-prize/
            [image] => Array
                (
                    [ID] => 30068
                    [id] => 30068
                    [title] => MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press
                    [filename] => MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press.jpg
                    [filesize] => 1770248
                    [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press.jpg
                    [link] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/mit-economists-daron-acemoglu-and-simon-johnson-share-nobel-prize/mit-nobel-johnson-acemoglu-01-press/
                    [alt] => Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson
                    [author] => 20
                    [description] => 
                    [caption] => Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson
                    [name] => mit-nobel-johnson-acemoglu-01-press
                    [status] => inherit
                    [uploaded_to] => 30067
                    [date] => 2024-11-12 15:48:18
                    [modified] => 2024-11-12 15:49:00
                    [menu_order] => 0
                    [mime_type] => image/jpeg
                    [type] => image
                    [subtype] => jpeg
                    [icon] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-includes/images/media/default.png
                    [width] => 2000
                    [height] => 1333
                    [sizes] => Array
                        (
                            [thumbnail] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-150x150.jpg
                            [thumbnail-width] => 150
                            [thumbnail-height] => 150
                            [medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-300x200.jpg
                            [medium-width] => 300
                            [medium-height] => 200
                            [medium_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-768x512.jpg
                            [medium_large-width] => 768
                            [medium_large-height] => 512
                            [large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-1024x682.jpg
                            [large-width] => 1024
                            [large-height] => 682
                            [1536x1536] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-1536x1024.jpg
                            [1536x1536-width] => 1536
                            [1536x1536-height] => 1024
                            [2048x2048] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press.jpg
                            [2048x2048-width] => 2000
                            [2048x2048-height] => 1333
                            [feature_xxl] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press.jpg
                            [feature_xxl-width] => 2000
                            [feature_xxl-height] => 1333
                            [feature] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-1260x840.jpg
                            [feature-width] => 1260
                            [feature-height] => 840
                            [feature_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-615x410.jpg
                            [feature_large-width] => 615
                            [feature_large-height] => 410
                            [feature_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-400x267.jpg
                            [feature_medium-width] => 400
                            [feature_medium-height] => 267
                            [feature_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-293x195.jpg
                            [feature_small-width] => 293
                            [feature_small-height] => 195
                            [feature_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-185x123.jpg
                            [feature_thumb-width] => 185
                            [feature_thumb-height] => 123
                            [lead] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-830x623.jpg
                            [lead-width] => 830
                            [lead-height] => 623
                            [lead_orig] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-830x553.jpg
                            [lead_orig-width] => 830
                            [lead_orig-height] => 553
                            [4x3_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-615x461.jpg
                            [4x3_large-width] => 615
                            [4x3_large-height] => 461
                            [4x3_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-400x300.jpg
                            [4x3_medium-width] => 400
                            [4x3_medium-height] => 300
                            [4x3_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-293x220.jpg
                            [4x3_small-width] => 293
                            [4x3_small-height] => 220
                            [4x3_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-185x139.jpg
                            [4x3_thumb-width] => 185
                            [4x3_thumb-height] => 139
                            [vertical] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-720x960.jpg
                            [vertical-width] => 720
                            [vertical-height] => 960
                            [vertical_orig] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-720x480.jpg
                            [vertical_orig-width] => 720
                            [vertical_orig-height] => 480
                            [vertical_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-461x615.jpg
                            [vertical_medium-width] => 461
                            [vertical_medium-height] => 615
                            [vertical_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-300x400.jpg
                            [vertical_small-width] => 300
                            [vertical_small-height] => 400
                            [vertical_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-220x293.jpg
                            [vertical_thumb-width] => 220
                            [vertical_thumb-height] => 293
                            [vertical_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-139x185.jpg
                            [vertical_large-width] => 139
                            [vertical_large-height] => 185
                            [homepage-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-900x900.jpg
                            [homepage-priority-section-square-width] => 900
                            [homepage-priority-section-square-height] => 900
                            [priority-section-header-small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-600x450.jpg
                            [priority-section-header-small-width] => 600
                            [priority-section-header-small-height] => 450
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-100x100.jpg
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square-width] => 100
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square-height] => 100
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-250x250.jpg
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square-width] => 250
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square-height] => 250
                            [iphone-cover] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-375x667.jpg
                            [iphone-cover-width] => 375
                            [iphone-cover-height] => 667
                            [Nivo Small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press-800x600.jpg
                            [Nivo Small-width] => 800
                            [Nivo Small-height] => 600
                        )

                )

            [image_alignment] => center center
            [tags] => Array
                (
                    [0] => faculty-and-researchers
                    [1] => innovation-for-impact
                    [2] => school-of-humanities-arts-social-sciences
                )

            [is_video] => 
        )

    [3] => Array
        (
            [title] => Victor Ambros ’75, PhD ’79 and Gary Ruvkun share Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
            [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/victor-ambros-75-phd-79-and-gary-ruvkun-share-nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine/
            [image] => Array
                (
                    [ID] => 30093
                    [id] => 30093
                    [title] => MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0
                    [filename] => MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg
                    [filesize] => 326278
                    [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg
                    [link] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/victor-ambros-75-phd-79-and-gary-ruvkun-share-nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine/mit-nobel-ambros-ruvkun-01_0/
                    [alt] => Victor Ambros ’75, PhD ’79 and Gary Ruvkun
                    [author] => 20
                    [description] => 
                    [caption] => Victor Ambros ’75, PhD ’79 and Gary Ruvkun
                    [name] => mit-nobel-ambros-ruvkun-01_0
                    [status] => inherit
                    [uploaded_to] => 30092
                    [date] => 2024-11-12 18:28:24
                    [modified] => 2024-11-12 18:29:16
                    [menu_order] => 0
                    [mime_type] => image/jpeg
                    [type] => image
                    [subtype] => jpeg
                    [icon] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-includes/images/media/default.png
                    [width] => 900
                    [height] => 600
                    [sizes] => Array
                        (
                            [thumbnail] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-150x150.jpg
                            [thumbnail-width] => 150
                            [thumbnail-height] => 150
                            [medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-300x200.jpg
                            [medium-width] => 300
                            [medium-height] => 200
                            [medium_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-768x512.jpg
                            [medium_large-width] => 768
                            [medium_large-height] => 512
                            [large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg
                            [large-width] => 900
                            [large-height] => 600
                            [1536x1536] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg
                            [1536x1536-width] => 900
                            [1536x1536-height] => 600
                            [2048x2048] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg
                            [2048x2048-width] => 900
                            [2048x2048-height] => 600
                            [feature_xxl] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg
                            [feature_xxl-width] => 900
                            [feature_xxl-height] => 600
                            [feature] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg
                            [feature-width] => 900
                            [feature-height] => 600
                            [feature_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-615x410.jpg
                            [feature_large-width] => 615
                            [feature_large-height] => 410
                            [feature_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-400x267.jpg
                            [feature_medium-width] => 400
                            [feature_medium-height] => 267
                            [feature_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-293x195.jpg
                            [feature_small-width] => 293
                            [feature_small-height] => 195
                            [feature_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-185x123.jpg
                            [feature_thumb-width] => 185
                            [feature_thumb-height] => 123
                            [lead] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-830x600.jpg
                            [lead-width] => 830
                            [lead-height] => 600
                            [lead_orig] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-830x553.jpg
                            [lead_orig-width] => 830
                            [lead_orig-height] => 553
                            [4x3_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-615x461.jpg
                            [4x3_large-width] => 615
                            [4x3_large-height] => 461
                            [4x3_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-400x300.jpg
                            [4x3_medium-width] => 400
                            [4x3_medium-height] => 300
                            [4x3_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-293x220.jpg
                            [4x3_small-width] => 293
                            [4x3_small-height] => 220
                            [4x3_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-185x139.jpg
                            [4x3_thumb-width] => 185
                            [4x3_thumb-height] => 139
                            [vertical] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-720x600.jpg
                            [vertical-width] => 720
                            [vertical-height] => 600
                            [vertical_orig] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-720x480.jpg
                            [vertical_orig-width] => 720
                            [vertical_orig-height] => 480
                            [vertical_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-461x600.jpg
                            [vertical_medium-width] => 461
                            [vertical_medium-height] => 600
                            [vertical_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-300x400.jpg
                            [vertical_small-width] => 300
                            [vertical_small-height] => 400
                            [vertical_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-220x293.jpg
                            [vertical_thumb-width] => 220
                            [vertical_thumb-height] => 293
                            [vertical_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-139x185.jpg
                            [vertical_large-width] => 139
                            [vertical_large-height] => 185
                            [homepage-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg
                            [homepage-priority-section-square-width] => 900
                            [homepage-priority-section-square-height] => 600
                            [priority-section-header-small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-600x450.jpg
                            [priority-section-header-small-width] => 600
                            [priority-section-header-small-height] => 450
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-100x100.jpg
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square-width] => 100
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square-height] => 100
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-250x250.jpg
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square-width] => 250
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square-height] => 250
                            [iphone-cover] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-375x600.jpg
                            [iphone-cover-width] => 375
                            [iphone-cover-height] => 600
                            [Nivo Small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0-800x600.jpg
                            [Nivo Small-width] => 800
                            [Nivo Small-height] => 600
                        )

                )

            [image_alignment] => center center
            [tags] => Array
                (
                    [0] => faculty-and-researchers
                    [1] => health-and-life-sciences
                    [2] => human-health
                )

            [is_video] => 
        )

    [4] => Array
        (
            [title] => &#8220;Intellectual Freedom Was Part of What Made me Fall in Love with Research&#8221;
            [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/intellectual-freedom-was-part-of-what-made-me-fall-in-love-with-research
            [image] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Desmond-Edwards-_hero-e1730320077957.png
            [image_alignment] => center center
            [tags] => Array
                (
                    [0] => faculty-and-researchers
                    [1] => whole-student-experience
                )

            [is_video] => 
            [pre-title] => Spectrum Magazine
        )

    [5] => Array
        (
            [title] => Fellowships and Spaces for the Whole Student
            [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/fellowships-and-spaces-for-the-whole-student
            [image] => 
            [image_alignment] => center center
            [tags] => Array
                (
                    [0] => faculty-and-researchers
                    [1] => q-and-a
                    [2] => whole-student-experience
                )

            [is_video] => 
            [pre-title] => Spectrum Magazine
        )

    [6] => Array
        (
            [title] => Presidential Fellowship Moves Innovation and Research Forward
            [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/presidential-fellowship-moves-innovation-and-research-forward
            [image] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Presidential-Fellowship_hero.jpg
            [image_alignment] => center center
            [tags] => Array
                (
                    [0] => faculty-and-researchers
                    [1] => school-of-engineering
                    [2] => school-of-science
                    [3] => whole-student-experience
                )

            [is_video] => 
            [pre-title] => Spectrum Magazine
        )

    [7] => Array
        (
            [title] => Lucy Zhao ’24: “Exploring Different Fields of Study Is My Responsibility as a Global Citizen”
            [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/lucy-zhao/
            [image] => Array
                (
                    [ID] => 29377
                    [id] => 29377
                    [title] => Zhao_TEDxProfile
                    [filename] => Zhao_TEDxProfile.jpeg
                    [filesize] => 1074852
                    [url] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile.jpeg
                    [link] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/lucy-zhao/zhao_tedxprofile/
                    [alt] => 
                    [author] => 24
                    [description] => 
                    [caption] => 
                    [name] => zhao_tedxprofile
                    [status] => inherit
                    [uploaded_to] => 29365
                    [date] => 2024-08-05 18:43:50
                    [modified] => 2024-08-05 18:43:50
                    [menu_order] => 0
                    [mime_type] => image/jpeg
                    [type] => image
                    [subtype] => jpeg
                    [icon] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-includes/images/media/default.png
                    [width] => 1366
                    [height] => 2048
                    [sizes] => Array
                        (
                            [thumbnail] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-150x150.jpeg
                            [thumbnail-width] => 150
                            [thumbnail-height] => 150
                            [medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-200x300.jpeg
                            [medium-width] => 200
                            [medium-height] => 300
                            [medium_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-768x1151.jpeg
                            [medium_large-width] => 768
                            [medium_large-height] => 1151
                            [large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-683x1024.jpeg
                            [large-width] => 683
                            [large-height] => 1024
                            [1536x1536] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-1025x1536.jpeg
                            [1536x1536-width] => 1025
                            [1536x1536-height] => 1536
                            [2048x2048] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile.jpeg
                            [2048x2048-width] => 1366
                            [2048x2048-height] => 2048
                            [feature_xxl] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-1366x1333.jpeg
                            [feature_xxl-width] => 1366
                            [feature_xxl-height] => 1333
                            [feature] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-1260x840.jpeg
                            [feature-width] => 1260
                            [feature-height] => 840
                            [feature_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-615x410.jpeg
                            [feature_large-width] => 615
                            [feature_large-height] => 410
                            [feature_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-400x267.jpeg
                            [feature_medium-width] => 400
                            [feature_medium-height] => 267
                            [feature_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-293x195.jpeg
                            [feature_small-width] => 293
                            [feature_small-height] => 195
                            [feature_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-185x123.jpeg
                            [feature_thumb-width] => 185
                            [feature_thumb-height] => 123
                            [lead] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-830x623.jpeg
                            [lead-width] => 830
                            [lead-height] => 623
                            [lead_orig] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-830x1244.jpeg
                            [lead_orig-width] => 830
                            [lead_orig-height] => 1244
                            [4x3_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-615x461.jpeg
                            [4x3_large-width] => 615
                            [4x3_large-height] => 461
                            [4x3_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-400x300.jpeg
                            [4x3_medium-width] => 400
                            [4x3_medium-height] => 300
                            [4x3_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-293x220.jpeg
                            [4x3_small-width] => 293
                            [4x3_small-height] => 220
                            [4x3_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-185x139.jpeg
                            [4x3_thumb-width] => 185
                            [4x3_thumb-height] => 139
                            [vertical] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-720x960.jpeg
                            [vertical-width] => 720
                            [vertical-height] => 960
                            [vertical_orig] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-720x1079.jpeg
                            [vertical_orig-width] => 720
                            [vertical_orig-height] => 1079
                            [vertical_medium] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-461x615.jpeg
                            [vertical_medium-width] => 461
                            [vertical_medium-height] => 615
                            [vertical_small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-300x400.jpeg
                            [vertical_small-width] => 300
                            [vertical_small-height] => 400
                            [vertical_thumb] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-220x293.jpeg
                            [vertical_thumb-width] => 220
                            [vertical_thumb-height] => 293
                            [vertical_large] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-139x185.jpeg
                            [vertical_large-width] => 139
                            [vertical_large-height] => 185
                            [homepage-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-900x900.jpeg
                            [homepage-priority-section-square-width] => 900
                            [homepage-priority-section-square-height] => 900
                            [priority-section-header-small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-600x450.jpeg
                            [priority-section-header-small-width] => 600
                            [priority-section-header-small-height] => 450
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-100x100.jpeg
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square-width] => 100
                            [thumbnail-homepage-priority-section-square-height] => 100
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-250x250.jpeg
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square-width] => 250
                            [thumbnail-priority-section-square-height] => 250
                            [iphone-cover] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-375x667.jpeg
                            [iphone-cover-width] => 375
                            [iphone-cover-height] => 667
                            [Nivo Small] => https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Zhao_TEDxProfile-800x600.jpeg
                            [Nivo Small-width] => 800
                            [Nivo Small-height] => 600
                        )

                )

            [image_alignment] => center center
            [tags] => Array
                (
                    [0] => faculty-and-researchers
                    [1] => school-of-engineering
                    [2] => whole-student-experience
                    [3] => whole-student-profiles
                )

            [is_video] => 
        )

)
--><!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>

    <title>Faculty and Researchers | MIT for a Better World</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"ab0374a39e",applicationID:"357127111"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.275.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */
(()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.275.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>K});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);const R=new Map;function E(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[A.Jt]||t[r];return R.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>R.get(c))),i}function x(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const _={};function N(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");_[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{_[e]=t}));var R="api-",x=R+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(R,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),E(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(R,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(R,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(R,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(x+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(x,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(x,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(R,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!_[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var T=r(9417),S=r(8122);const j={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},k={};var I=r(5284);const O=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function K(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,T.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");k[e]=(0,S.a)(t,j);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=k[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,T.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];P||(h.proxy.assets&&(O(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),x(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",I.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=N(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),P=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.275.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.275.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-VznhEApF3XO7GHWYwoNt4lU4Zn1sF0wsG8RtlBJC9Du2BOSHAa8jtx37qttCscUPYIniZ1GOu0mu/jpr+lo34w=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.275.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.275.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/css/style.css" title="no title"
        charset="utf-8">
    <!-- Adobe Typekit NHG -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.typekit.net/oxv2rxu.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'">

    <!-- Google Fonts -->
    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto+Mono&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">

    <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11">

        <script type="text/javascript" src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/js/lib.js"></script>
    <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />
<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
<meta property="og:type" content="object" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Faculty and Researchers" />
<meta property="og:description" content="11/9: New tag for faculty/research-related stories. Replaces &#8220;student faculty researchers&#8221; tag." />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="MIT for a Better World" />

	<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.5 (Yoast SEO v22.5) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ -->
	<title>Faculty and Researchers | MIT for a Better World</title>
	<link rel="canonical" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/" />
	<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
	<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
	<meta property="og:title" content="Faculty and Researchers Archives" />
	<meta property="og:description" content="11/9: New tag for faculty/research-related stories. Replaces &#8220;student faculty researchers&#8221; tag." />
	<meta property="og:url" content="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/" />
	<meta property="og:site_name" content="MIT for a Better World" />
	<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
	<meta name="twitter:site" content="@MIT_Spectrum" />
	<script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/","url":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/","name":"Faculty and Researchers | MIT for a Better World","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Faculty and Researchers"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/#website","url":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/","name":"MIT for a Better World","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/#organization","name":"MIT","url":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/favicon-copy.svg","contentUrl":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/favicon-copy.svg","caption":"MIT"},"image":{"@id":"https://betterworld.mit.edu/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/Spectrum.MIT/","https://x.com/MIT_Spectrum"]}]}</script>
	<!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->


<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdnjs.cloudflare.com' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="MIT for a Better World &raquo; Faculty and Researchers Tag Feed" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/feed/" />
<script type="text/javascript">
/* <![CDATA[ */
window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/betterworld.mit.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.5.2"}};
/*! This file is auto-generated */
!function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings);
/* ]]> */
</script>
<style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>

	img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
		display: inline !important;
		border: none !important;
		box-shadow: none !important;
		height: 1em !important;
		width: 1em !important;
		margin: 0 0.07em !important;
		vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
		background: none !important;
		padding: 0 !important;
	}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.5.2' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>
/*! This file is auto-generated */
.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
</style>
<style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>
body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}
.wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;}
:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}
:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}
.wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='subscribe-forms-css-css' href='https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/modules/subscribe-forms.css?ver=9.5' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='easy-social-share-buttons-css' href='https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/css/easy-social-share-buttons.css?ver=9.5' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='dev7-ns-nivoslider-css' href='https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/nivo-slider/assets/css/nivo-slider.css?ver=2.4.7' type='text/css' media='all' />
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/modules/subscribe-forms.js?ver=9.5" id="subscribe-forms-js-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/easy-social-share-buttons3/assets/js/essb-core.js?ver=9.5" id="easy-social-share-buttons-core-js"></script>
<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/tags/26" />

    
    <!-- Favicon -->
	<link rel="icon"
		href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/favicon.ico"
		sizes="any">
	<link rel="icon"
		href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/favicon.svg"
		type="image/svg+xml">

	<!-- Standard favicon -->
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-16px.png">
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32"
        href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-32px.png">
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="48x48"
        href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-48px.png">
    
    <!-- Apple Touch Icons -->
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120"
        href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-120px.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152"
        href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-152px.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="167x167"
        href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-167px.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180"
        href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-180px.png">
    
    <!-- Android Chrome Icons -->
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192"
        href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-192px.png">
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="512x512"
        href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-512px.png">
    
    <!-- Windows Tile Icon -->
    <meta name="msapplication-TileImage"
        content="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mit-brand-favicon-270px.png">
    <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#FFFFFF"> <!-- Tile color -->

</head>

<body style="">

        <nav class="show-mobile mobile-header fixed on" role="menubar">
    <a href="/?source=mitheaderlogo" class="logo" role="menuitem">
        <svg aria-hidden="true" class="" style="width:80px;height:auto;">
            <use xlink:href="#logo-mit-mark"></use>
        </svg>
    </a>

    <div style="display: flex;align-items: center;flex-direction: row-reverse;">
    <a href="#" class="menu-button" role="button">
        <img src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/mobile-bars.png" alt="Menu Button"
            height="100%" />
    </a>
    <a href="#" class="search" role="button">
        <img src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/icon-search.png" alt="Search Button"
            height="100%" alt="search" />
    </a>
    </div>

    <div class="mobile-content ">
        <div class="gray-band"></div>
        <div class="nav-items nav-items-main enter">
            <div class="search-form" role="search">
                <form method="get" action="/">
                    <input type="text" placeholder="Search" name="s" value="" maxlength="200" role="search"
                        aria-label="search box">
                    <a class="clear-input hide" role="button" href="#">
                        <img src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/icon-close.png" width="20px"
                            alt="close search" />
                    </a>
                </form>
                <div class="results hide">
                    <ul></ul>
                </div>
            </div>

            <ul class="main-items">
                <li>
                    <a href="#campaignPriorities" class="nav-subitem" role="menuitem">
                        Priorities
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li>
                    <a href="#campaignSchoolUnits" class="nav-subitem" role="menuitem">
                        Schools and Units
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li>
                    <a href="https://spectrum.mit.edu/" role="menuitem" target="_blank">
                        MIT Spectrum
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li>
                    <a href="/support" role="menuitem">
                        Support
                    </a>
                </li>
            </ul>
            <div class="give-now">
                <a href="https://giving.mit.edu/explore/faculty-research?source=WBBW" class="btn btn-black">Give to MIT</a>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div id="campaignPriorities" class="nav-items">
            <a class="back" href="#" role="menuitem"><img
                    src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/icon-mobile-back.png" width="12px"
                    alt="Navigate Back Button" />Back</a>
            <ul class="scrollable">
                <li>
                    <p class="nav-heading">
                        Priorities
                    </p>
                </li>
                <li>


                                    </li>
                <li>

                                        <p>
                        <a href="/a-campus-for-today-and-tomorrow/" role="menuitem">
                            A Campus for Today and Tomorrow                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/the-climate-project" role="menuitem">
                            Climate Project                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="/faculty-researchers/" role="menuitem">
                            Faculty and Researchers                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/health-and-life-sciences/" role="menuitem">
                            Health and Life Sciences                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/innovation-for-impact/" role="menuitem">
                            Innovation for Impact                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="/reinventing-education/" role="menuitem">
                            Reinventing Education                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/whole-student-experience/" role="menuitem">
                            Whole Student Experience                        </a>
                    </p>
                                    </li>

            </ul>

        </div>
        <div id="campaignSchoolUnits" class="nav-items">
            <a class="back" href="#" role="menuitem"><img
                    src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/icon-mobile-back.png" height="12px"
                    alt="Navigate Back Button" />Back</a>
            <ul class="scrollable">
                <li>
                    <a class="nav-heading track-link" href='/schools-and-units/'>
                        MIT Schools and Units
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="/tag/school-of-architecture-and-planning/" role="menuitem">
                            School of Architecture and Planning                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="/tag/school-of-engineering/" role="menuitem">
                            School of Engineering                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="/tag/school-of-humanities-arts-social-sciences/" role="menuitem">
                            School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="/tag/school-of-science/" role="menuitem">
                            School of Science                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="https://mitsloan.mit.edu/campaign?utm_campaign=better-world-website&utm_medium=header-nav" role="menuitem">
                            MIT Sloan School of Management                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="/tag/mit-schwarzman-college-of-computing/" role="menuitem">
                            MIT Stephen A. Schwarzman College of Computing                        </a>
                    </p>
                                        <p>
                        <a href="/labs-centers-institutes/" role="menuitem">
                            Labs, Centers, and Institutes                        </a>
                    </p>
                                    </li>
            </ul>

        </div>
        <div id="support" class="nav-items">
            <a class="back" href="#" role="menuitem"><img
                    src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/icon-mobile-back.png" height="12px"
                    alt="Navigate Back Button" />Back</a>
            <ul class="scrollable">
                <li>
                    <a class="nav-heading track-link" href="/support">
                        Support
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li>
                    <p>

                    </p>
                                    </li>
            </ul>

        </div>

    </div>
</nav>    <nav class="top-header  container-fluid fixed on" role="menu">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-2 col-sm-2">
            <a href="/?source=mitheaderlogo" class="logo" role="menuitem">
                <svg aria-hidden="true" class="" style="width:80px;">
                    <use xlink:href="#logo-mit-mark"></use>
                </svg>
            </a>
            <img class="print-only print-logo"
                src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/betterworld-h-b-2023-print.png"
                height="46" />
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-8 col-sm-8">
            <ul class="main-navigation">
                <li class="dropdown">
                    <a href="/campaign-priorities/" class="track-link" role="menuitem">Priorities</a>
                    <div class="mega-content text-left">
                        <div class="container-fluid">
                            <div class="row">
                                <div class="col-md-1"></div>
                                <div class="col-md-10">
                                    <div class="container-fluid">
                                        <div class="row">
                                            <div id="mitDiscoveryLabel" class="col-md-3 text-right">
                                                <div class="menu-section">

                                                </div>
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="col-md-4">
                                                <div id="mitDiscoveryItems" class="sub-menu-items">
                                                    
                                                                                                        <a href="/a-campus-for-today-and-tomorrow/">
                                                        A Campus for Today and Tomorrow                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/the-climate-project">
                                                        Climate Project                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="/faculty-researchers/">
                                                        Faculty and Researchers                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/health-and-life-sciences/">
                                                        Health and Life Sciences                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/innovation-for-impact/">
                                                        Innovation for Impact                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="/reinventing-education/">
                                                        Reinventing Education                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/whole-student-experience/">
                                                        Whole Student Experience                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                    </div>
                                            </div>
                                            <div id="mitCoreLabel" class="col-md-2 text-right">
                                                <div class="menu-section">

                                                </div>
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="col-md-3">
                                                <div id="mitCoreItems" class="sub-menu-items">

                                                </div>
                                            </div>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>


                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </li>
                <li class="dropdown">
                    <a href="/schools-and-units/" class="track-link" role="menuitem">Schools and units</a>
                    <div class="mega-content text-left">
                        <div class="container-fluid">
                            <div class="row">
                                <div class="col-md-2"></div>
                                <div class="col-md-8">
                                    <div class="container-fluid">
                                        <div class="row">
                                            <div class="col-md-2"></div>
                                            <div id="schoolUnitsMenuLabel" class="col-md-4 text-right">
                                                <div class="menu-section">
                                                    MIT Schools and Units
                                                </div>
                                            </div>
                                            <div id="schoolUnitsMenuItems" class="col-md-6">
                                                <div class="sub-menu-items">
                                                                                                        <a href="/tag/school-of-architecture-and-planning/">
                                                        School of Architecture and Planning                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="/tag/school-of-engineering/">
                                                        School of Engineering                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="/tag/school-of-humanities-arts-social-sciences/">
                                                        School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="/tag/school-of-science/">
                                                        School of Science                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="https://mitsloan.mit.edu/campaign?utm_campaign=better-world-website&utm_medium=header-nav">
                                                        MIT Sloan School of Management                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="/tag/mit-schwarzman-college-of-computing/">
                                                        MIT Stephen A. Schwarzman College of Computing                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                        <a href="/labs-centers-institutes/">
                                                        Labs, Centers, and Institutes                                                    </a>
                                                    <br>
                                                                                                    </div>
                                            </div>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </li>
                <li>
                    <a href="https://spectrum.mit.edu/" class="track-link" role="menuitem" target="_blank">MIT
                        Spectrum</a>
                </li>
                <li>
                    <a href="/support" class="track-link" role="menuitem">Support</a>
                </li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-2 col-sm-2">
            <ul class="right-navigation">
                <li class="search dropdown " role="search">
                    <a class='show-search-button' href="#" role="menuitem">
                        <img src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/icon-search.png"
                            alt="Search Button" />
                    </a>
                    <div class="search-content">
                        <div class="search-form">
                            <form method="get" action="/">
                                <input type="text" placeholder="Search" name="s" value="" maxlength="200" role="search"
                                    aria-label="search box">
                                <a href="#" class="clear-input" role="button">
                                    <img src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/icon-close.png"
                                        width="33px" alt="close search" />
                                </a>
                            </form>
                            <div class="results hide">
                                <ul></ul>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </li>
                                <li class="give ">
                    <a href="https://giving.mit.edu/explore/faculty-research?source=WBBW" target="_blank" class="header-button" role="menuitem">Give
                        to MIT</a>

                </li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
</nav>
    
    <!-- SVG Defs -->
    <svg display="none" width="0" height="0" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
        xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true">
        <defs>

            <symbol id="logo-mit-mark" viewbox="0 0 1360 720" aria-labeledby="title">
                <title>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</title>
                <path fill="#000"
                    d="m720 720h160v-480h-160zm240-560h400v-160h-400zm-240-160h160v160h-160zm-240 720h160v-720h-160zm-240-160h160v-560h-160zm-240 160h160v-720h-160zm960 0h160v-480h-160z" />
            </symbol>

            <symbol id="logo-mit" viewBox="0 0 3660 1040" aria-labeledby="title">
                <title>MIT</title>
                <path fill="#fff"
                    d="m1737.063 160 28.252 100.42c3.356 12.867 6.713 25.734 8.951 36.363 1.398 6.154 2.517 12.028 3.636 17.623h.56c1.118-5.595 2.237-11.469 3.636-17.623 2.238-10.63 5.035-23.496 8.671-36.364L1819.021 160h57.902v200h-37.762V245.315c0-8.112 0-18.182.839-26.853.28-4.756.56-9.79.84-14.546h-.56c-.84 4.755-1.958 9.23-2.798 13.706-1.958 7.833-3.916 16.784-5.874 24.336L1797.203 360h-38.881l-33.567-118.042c-2.237-7.552-3.916-16.503-5.874-24.336-.839-4.475-1.958-8.95-2.797-13.706h-.56c.28 4.755.56 9.79.84 14.546.28 8.67.839 18.74.839 26.853V360H1680V160zm251.748 184.056h-.56c-3.636 5.594-8.111 10.35-14.545 13.706-6.714 3.357-15.385 5.595-27.692 5.595-29.65 0-50.07-15.105-50.07-43.916 0-15.665 6.154-26.294 16.783-33.287 10.63-6.993 24.615-10.63 40.839-12.867 24.056-3.357 34.686-5.315 34.686-16.224 0-10.63-7.833-17.063-24.057-17.063-17.902 0-26.573 6.154-27.692 20.14h-33.846c.28-12.867 5.595-24.336 15.664-33.007 10.07-8.671 25.175-14.266 46.154-14.266 43.077 0 60.42 19.021 60.42 52.868v73.006c0 10.91 1.678 17.343 5.035 19.86V360h-36.643c-2.238-3.077-3.637-9.51-4.476-15.944zm-8.392-15.944c5.595-5.035 8.672-11.748 8.672-18.741v-21.539c-6.714 4.196-16.783 6.154-26.574 8.392-20.14 4.475-29.65 8.95-29.65 22.377s8.95 18.182 22.377 18.182c10.91 0 19.301-3.357 25.175-8.671zm57.9-14.546h35.244c2.518 16.784 13.987 23.777 31.33 23.777 16.783 0 26.293-6.434 26.293-16.504 0-6.713-4.755-10.63-11.468-13.147-6.993-2.517-16.504-3.916-26.294-5.874-13.147-2.517-25.455-5.314-34.965-11.748-9.79-6.433-15.944-15.944-15.944-31.609 0-15.664 6.153-26.853 17.062-34.685 10.63-7.552 24.896-11.189 41.4-11.189 38.32 0 58.461 18.182 61.538 47.553h-34.406c-1.958-15.665-11.189-20.98-27.692-20.98-15.105 0-24.615 5.315-24.615 15.945 0 6.433 4.755 9.51 12.307 11.748 7.273 2.518 17.063 3.637 27.133 5.875 12.028 2.517 24.615 5.314 34.405 11.748 9.791 6.713 16.225 16.783 16.225 33.566 0 14.545-6.154 26.014-16.784 33.846-10.909 7.832-25.734 12.308-43.636 12.308-41.958 0-64.895-19.86-67.133-50.63zm135.94 0h35.245c2.517 16.784 13.986 23.777 31.329 23.777 16.783 0 26.294-6.434 26.294-16.504 0-6.713-4.756-10.63-11.469-13.147-6.993-2.517-16.503-3.916-26.294-5.874-13.147-2.517-25.454-5.314-34.965-11.748-9.79-6.433-15.944-15.944-15.944-31.609 0-15.664 6.154-26.853 17.063-34.685 10.63-7.552 24.895-11.189 41.398-11.189 38.322 0 58.462 18.182 61.539 47.553h-34.405c-1.958-15.665-11.19-20.98-27.693-20.98-15.105 0-24.615 5.315-24.615 15.945 0 6.433 4.755 9.51 12.307 11.748 7.273 2.518 17.064 3.637 27.134 5.875 12.027 2.517 24.615 5.314 34.405 11.748 9.79 6.713 16.224 16.783 16.224 33.566 0 14.545-6.154 26.014-16.783 33.846-10.91 7.832-25.735 12.308-43.637 12.308-41.958 0-64.895-19.86-67.133-50.63zm230.766 30.49h-.56c-3.636 5.594-8.111 10.35-14.545 13.706-6.713 3.357-15.384 5.595-27.692 5.595-29.65 0-50.07-15.105-50.07-43.916 0-15.665 6.154-26.294 16.783-33.287 10.63-6.993 24.616-10.63 40.84-12.867 24.055-3.357 34.685-5.315 34.685-16.224 0-10.63-7.833-17.063-24.056-17.063-17.902 0-26.574 6.154-27.692 20.14h-33.847c.28-12.867 5.595-24.336 15.665-33.007s25.175-14.266 46.153-14.266c43.078 0 60.42 19.021 60.42 52.868v73.006c0 10.91 1.679 17.343 5.035 19.86V360h-36.643c-2.238-3.077-3.637-9.51-4.476-15.944zm-8.392-15.944c5.595-5.035 8.672-11.748 8.672-18.741v-21.539c-6.714 4.196-16.783 6.154-26.574 8.392-20.14 4.475-29.65 8.95-29.65 22.377s8.951 18.182 22.378 18.182c10.909 0 19.3-3.357 25.174-8.671zm79.718 13.986c-12.867-13.427-19.86-32.448-19.86-53.706 0-21.259 6.993-40.28 19.58-53.986 12.308-13.427 29.93-21.819 52.028-21.819 18.742 0 33.567 5.595 44.755 14.546 10.91 9.23 17.902 22.377 20.42 38.042h-37.203c-2.517-12.867-12.028-22.098-26.293-22.098-23.217 0-34.686 17.063-34.686 45.315 0 27.412 10.63 45.314 34.126 45.314 15.665 0 26.294-7.832 28.811-24.335h36.643c-1.118 15.384-7.832 28.81-18.74 38.601-11.19 10.07-26.854 16.224-45.875 16.224-22.937 0-40.84-8.392-53.706-22.098zm172.028-106.853c10.63-15.385 21.818-22.658 41.678-22.658 15.105 0 27.133 5.595 35.805 15.105 8.671 9.79 13.706 22.937 13.706 38.602V360h-38.042v-88.112c0-15.664-8.671-26.294-24.895-26.294-16.783 0-29.09 13.147-29.09 33.008V360h-38.043V160h38.042v75.245zm203.636 107.972h-.839c-9.79 13.146-20.979 20.699-41.12 20.699-32.167 0-49.789-19.86-49.789-51.748v-95.664h37.763v89.23c0 16.783 7.272 26.014 23.776 26.014 17.902 0 28.81-13.426 28.81-32.447v-82.797h38.042V360h-36.643v-16.783zm50.63-29.65h35.245c2.517 16.783 13.986 23.776 31.328 23.776 16.784 0 26.294-6.434 26.294-16.504 0-6.713-4.755-10.63-11.468-13.147-6.993-2.517-16.504-3.916-26.294-5.874-13.147-2.517-25.454-5.314-34.965-11.748-9.79-6.433-15.944-15.944-15.944-31.609 0-15.664 6.153-26.853 17.063-34.685 10.63-7.552 24.895-11.189 41.398-11.189 38.322 0 58.462 18.182 61.539 47.553h-34.406c-1.958-15.665-11.189-20.98-27.692-20.98-15.105 0-24.615 5.315-24.615 15.945 0 6.433 4.755 9.51 12.307 11.748 7.273 2.518 17.063 3.637 27.133 5.875 12.028 2.517 24.615 5.314 34.406 11.748 9.79 6.713 16.224 16.783 16.224 33.566 0 14.545-6.155 26.014-16.783 33.846-10.91 7.832-25.735 12.308-43.637 12.308-41.958 0-64.895-19.86-67.133-50.63zm156.637 28.53c-12.867-13.426-19.3-32.726-19.3-53.985s7.272-40.28 19.86-53.706c12.307-13.427 29.93-21.819 50.909-21.819 23.216 0 40.559 8.672 52.587 24.056s18.182 36.644 18.182 62.378h-104.056c3.077 22.378 14.825 35.804 36.643 35.804 15.105 0 23.497-6.713 27.693-17.622h37.482c-2.518 12.867-9.51 24.335-20.42 33.007-11.188 8.671-26.013 13.986-44.475 13.986-24.056 0-42.238-8.392-55.105-22.098zm18.741-69.37h63.777c-1.12-18.461-12.868-30.77-30.49-30.77-20.14 0-29.93 11.75-33.287 30.77zm128.112-56.223v-44.755h37.202v44.755h24.616v26.573h-24.616v74.685c0 10.91 5.595 14.266 14.267 14.266h7.272c1.398 0 2.518 0 3.916-.28v27.972c-1.958.28-3.916.28-6.154.28-4.196.28-10.07.28-17.622.28-9.23 0-18.741-1.679-26.294-6.993-7.552-5.315-12.587-13.986-12.587-27.413v-82.797h-19.86v-26.573zm88.39 0v-44.755h37.202v44.755h24.616v26.573h-24.616v74.685c0 10.91 5.594 14.266 14.266 14.266h7.272c1.4 0 2.518 0 3.916-.28v27.972c-1.958.28-3.916.28-6.153.28-4.196.28-10.07.28-17.623.28-9.23 0-18.74-1.679-26.293-6.993-7.553-5.315-12.588-13.986-12.588-27.413v-82.797h-19.86v-26.573zm72.16 97.062h35.245c2.518 16.784 13.987 23.777 31.329 23.777 16.783 0 26.294-6.434 26.294-16.504 0-6.713-4.755-10.63-11.469-13.147-6.992-2.517-16.503-3.916-26.293-5.874-13.147-2.517-25.455-5.314-34.965-11.748-9.79-6.433-15.944-15.944-15.944-31.609 0-15.664 6.153-26.853 17.063-34.685 10.629-7.552 24.894-11.189 41.398-11.189 38.322 0 58.462 18.182 61.538 47.553h-34.405c-1.958-15.665-11.189-20.98-27.693-20.98-15.104 0-24.615 5.315-24.615 15.945 0 6.433 4.755 9.51 12.308 11.748 7.273 2.518 17.063 3.637 27.133 5.875 12.028 2.517 24.615 5.314 34.405 11.748 9.79 6.713 16.224 16.783 16.224 33.566 0 14.545-6.154 26.014-16.783 33.846-10.91 7.832-25.734 12.308-43.636 12.308-41.958 0-64.895-19.86-67.133-50.63zM1720.56 420v200H1680V420zm64.333 76.084c9.79-15.664 22.657-23.497 42.517-23.497 15.105 0 27.133 5.595 35.804 15.105 8.672 9.79 13.707 22.937 13.707 38.602V620h-38.043v-88.112c0-15.664-8.67-26.294-24.895-26.294-16.783 0-29.09 13.148-29.09 33.008V620h-38.043V476.504h37.203v19.58zm104.894 77.482h35.245c2.517 16.784 13.986 23.777 31.328 23.777 16.784 0 26.295-6.434 26.295-16.504 0-6.713-4.756-10.63-11.469-13.147-6.993-2.517-16.504-3.916-26.294-5.874-13.147-2.517-25.454-5.314-34.965-11.748-9.79-6.433-15.944-15.944-15.944-31.609 0-15.664 6.154-26.853 17.063-34.685 10.63-7.552 24.895-11.189 41.398-11.189 38.322 0 58.462 18.182 61.539 47.553h-34.405c-1.958-15.665-11.19-20.98-27.693-20.98-15.105 0-24.615 5.315-24.615 15.945 0 6.433 4.755 9.51 12.307 11.748 7.273 2.518 17.064 3.637 27.133 5.875 12.028 2.517 24.616 5.314 34.406 11.748 9.79 6.713 16.224 16.783 16.224 33.566 0 14.545-6.154 26.014-16.783 33.846-10.91 7.833-25.735 12.308-43.637 12.308-41.958 0-64.895-19.86-67.133-50.63zm151.606-97.062v-44.755h37.203v44.755h24.616v26.573h-24.616v74.685c0 10.91 5.595 14.266 14.266 14.266h7.273c1.398 0 2.517 0 3.916-.28v27.973c-1.958.279-3.916.279-6.154.279-4.196.28-10.07.28-17.622.28-9.23 0-18.742-1.678-26.294-6.993-7.553-5.315-12.588-13.986-12.588-27.413v-82.797h-19.86v-26.573zm117.76-51.189v34.126h-38.043v-34.126zm0 51.189V620h-38.043V476.504zm34.405 0v-44.755h37.203v44.755h24.615v26.573h-24.615v74.685c0 10.91 5.594 14.266 14.266 14.266h7.272c1.399 0 2.518 0 3.916-.28v27.973c-1.958.279-3.916.279-6.153.279-4.197.28-10.07.28-17.623.28-9.23 0-18.741-1.678-26.294-6.993-7.552-5.315-12.587-13.986-12.587-27.413v-82.797h-19.86v-26.573zm170.346 126.713h-.84c-9.79 13.146-20.978 20.699-41.118 20.699-32.168 0-49.79-19.86-49.79-51.748v-95.664h37.762v89.23c0 16.783 7.272 26.014 23.776 26.014 17.902 0 28.811-13.426 28.811-32.447v-82.797h38.042V620h-36.643v-16.783zm71.05-126.713v-44.755h37.202v44.755h24.616v26.573h-24.616v74.685c0 10.91 5.595 14.266 14.266 14.266h7.273c1.398 0 2.517 0 3.916-.28v27.973c-1.958.279-3.916.279-6.154.279-4.196.28-10.07.28-17.622.28-9.23 0-18.741-1.679-26.294-6.993-7.552-5.315-12.587-13.986-12.587-27.413v-82.797h-19.86v-26.573zm90.629 125.594c-12.868-13.427-19.302-32.727-19.302-53.986s7.273-40.28 19.86-53.706c12.309-13.427 29.93-21.819 50.91-21.819 23.216 0 40.56 8.672 52.587 24.056 12.028 15.385 18.182 36.644 18.182 62.378h-104.056c3.077 22.378 14.825 35.804 36.643 35.804 15.105 0 23.497-6.713 27.693-17.622h37.482c-2.517 12.867-9.51 24.335-20.42 33.007-11.188 8.671-26.013 13.986-44.475 13.986-24.056 0-42.237-8.392-55.104-22.098zm18.74-69.37h63.777c-1.119-18.462-12.868-30.77-30.49-30.77-20.14 0-29.93 11.748-33.286 30.77zm178.74 69.37c-13.427-13.427-20.979-32.448-20.979-53.706s7.552-40.28 20.979-53.986c13.147-13.427 31.609-21.819 53.986-21.819s40.839 8.392 54.266 21.819c13.147 13.706 20.7 32.727 20.7 53.986s-7.553 40.28-20.7 53.706c-13.427 13.706-31.888 22.098-54.266 22.098s-40.839-8.392-53.986-22.098zm90.35-53.706c0-28.252-12.868-46.994-36.364-46.994-23.496 0-36.363 18.742-36.363 46.994 0 27.972 12.867 46.713 36.363 46.713s36.364-18.741 36.364-46.713zm62.936-71.888v-12.868c0-17.622 6.713-29.37 18.182-36.363 11.188-6.713 27.133-8.951 45.594-6.993v29.37c-17.902-.839-25.734 1.12-25.734 16.224v10.63h25.734v27.412h-25.734V620h-38.042V503.916h-19.58v-27.412zM1780.699 680v34.126h-60.14V880H1680V714.126h-60.14V680zm-4.194 182.098c-12.868-13.427-19.301-32.727-19.301-53.986s7.273-40.28 19.86-53.706c12.308-13.427 29.93-21.819 50.91-21.819 23.216 0 40.558 8.672 52.586 24.056 12.029 15.385 18.183 36.644 18.183 62.378h-104.056c3.077 22.378 14.825 35.804 36.643 35.804 15.105 0 23.496-6.713 27.692-17.622h37.483c-2.518 12.867-9.511 24.335-20.42 33.007-11.189 8.671-26.014 13.986-44.475 13.986-24.056 0-42.238-8.392-55.105-22.098zm18.741-69.37h63.776c-1.119-18.462-12.867-30.77-30.49-30.77-20.14 0-29.93 11.748-33.286 30.77zm132.305 69.37c-12.867-13.427-19.86-32.448-19.86-53.706s6.993-40.28 19.58-53.986c12.308-13.427 29.93-21.819 52.029-21.819 18.741 0 33.566 5.595 44.755 14.546 10.909 9.23 17.902 22.377 20.42 38.042h-37.203c-2.518-12.867-12.028-22.098-26.294-22.098-23.217 0-34.685 17.063-34.685 45.315 0 27.412 10.629 45.314 34.126 45.314 15.664 0 26.293-7.832 28.81-24.335h36.644c-1.119 15.384-7.832 28.81-18.741 38.6-11.189 10.071-26.853 16.225-45.874 16.225-22.937 0-40.84-8.392-53.707-22.098zm172.03-106.853c10.629-15.385 21.817-22.658 41.677-22.658 15.105 0 27.133 5.595 35.805 15.105 8.671 9.79 13.706 22.937 13.706 38.602V880h-38.042v-88.112c0-15.664-8.671-26.294-24.895-26.294-16.783 0-29.09 13.148-29.09 33.008V880h-38.043V680h38.042v75.245zm151.047.839c9.79-15.664 22.657-23.497 42.518-23.497 15.105 0 27.133 5.595 35.804 15.105 8.671 9.79 13.706 22.937 13.706 38.602V880h-38.042v-88.112c0-15.664-8.67-26.294-24.895-26.294-16.783 0-29.09 13.148-29.09 33.008V880h-38.043V736.504h37.203v19.58zm127.832 106.014c-13.427-13.427-20.979-32.448-20.979-53.706s7.552-40.28 20.979-53.986c13.147-13.427 31.609-21.819 53.986-21.819s40.839 8.392 54.266 21.819c13.147 13.706 20.7 32.727 20.7 53.986s-7.553 40.28-20.7 53.706c-13.427 13.706-31.888 22.098-54.266 22.098s-40.839-8.392-53.986-22.098zm90.35-53.706c0-28.252-12.868-46.994-36.364-46.994-23.496 0-36.363 18.742-36.363 46.994 0 27.972 12.867 46.713 36.363 46.713s36.364-18.741 36.364-46.713zM2561.955 680v200h-38.043V680zm37.481 182.098c-13.426-13.427-20.979-32.448-20.979-53.706s7.553-40.28 20.98-53.986c13.146-13.427 31.608-21.819 53.985-21.819 22.378 0 40.84 8.392 54.266 21.819 13.147 13.706 20.7 32.727 20.7 53.986s-7.553 40.28-20.7 53.706c-13.427 13.706-31.888 22.098-54.266 22.098-22.377 0-40.839-8.392-53.986-22.098zm90.35-53.706c0-28.252-12.867-46.994-36.364-46.994-23.496 0-36.363 18.742-36.363 46.994 0 27.972 12.867 46.713 36.363 46.713 23.497 0 36.364-18.741 36.364-46.713zm50.628 75.804h37.762c3.077 8.951 10.909 15.944 28.81 15.944 21.26 0 31.889-9.79 31.889-29.93v-15.665h-.84c-8.67 9.79-19.02 16.783-37.482 16.783-16.223 0-31.608-6.153-43.356-18.181-12.028-11.748-19.86-28.532-19.86-50.35 0-21.258 6.433-38.881 17.622-51.189 10.91-12.307 26.014-19.02 44.475-19.02 17.902 0 31.05 6.992 39.721 19.02h.559v-15.104h36.644V869.09c0 20.14-6.154 33.846-17.063 43.636-12.028 11.19-30.49 16.224-51.749 16.224-39.72 0-62.937-16.783-67.132-44.755zM2833 829.371c5.314-6.993 7.832-16.504 7.832-27.413 0-10.63-2.797-20.42-8.392-27.413s-13.986-11.468-25.734-11.468c-19.58 0-32.168 14.825-32.168 39.16 0 24.616 12.588 38.602 32.448 38.602 12.028 0 20.42-4.475 26.014-11.468zm82.797 67.692c15.384 0 21.258-7.552 21.258-19.58 0-3.637-.559-8.392-2.237-14.266-1.958-5.874-4.475-13.707-8.672-24.616l-38.6-102.097h39.999l21.259 64.615c2.237 6.713 4.195 14.266 6.153 20.7.84 3.636 1.958 6.992 3.078 10.629h.559c.84-3.637 1.679-6.993 2.518-10.63 1.398-6.433 3.636-13.986 5.874-20.699l20.14-64.615h38.321l-50.07 147.133c-5.594 16.223-10.909 26.853-18.461 33.566-7.833 6.993-17.623 9.79-32.168 9.79h-22.378v-29.93h13.427zM880 880h160V400H880zm240-560h400V160h-400zM880 160h160v160H880zM640 880h160V160H640zM400 720h160V160H400zM160 880h160V160H160zm960 0h160V400h-160z" />
            </symbol>

            <symbol id="icon-youtube" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-labeledby="title">
                <title>YouTube</title>
                <path fill="currentColor"
                    d="M24.325 8.309s-2.655-.334-8.357-.334c-5.517 0-8.294.334-8.294.334A2.675 2.675 0 0 0 5 10.984v10.034a2.675 2.675 0 0 0 2.674 2.676s2.582.332 8.294.332c5.709 0 8.357-.332 8.357-.332A2.673 2.673 0 0 0 27 21.018V10.982a2.673 2.673 0 0 0-2.675-2.673zM13.061 19.975V12.03L20.195 16l-7.134 3.975z" />
            </symbol>

            <symbol id="icon-linkedin" viewBox="0 0 268 267" aria-labeledby="title">
                <title>LinkedIn</title>
                <path fill="currentColor"
                    d="m26.9 7.6c-10.3 0-19 8.1-19 18.1v215.6c0 10 5.7 18.1 16 18.1h214.7c10.3 0 21.2-8.1 21.2-18.1v-215.6c0-10-8-18.1-18.2-18.1zm35 31.4c12.4 0 22.5 10.1 22.5 22.5s-10.1 22.5-22.5 22.5-22.5-10-22.5-22.5 10-22.5 22.5-22.5zm115.6 63c36.2 0 46.3 19.2 46.3 54.9v66.6h-36v-60c0-16-6.4-29.9-21.3-29.9-18.1 0-26.7 12.2-26.7 32.4v57.6h-36v-120.1h33.9v17.3h.4c5.2-9.3 20.5-18.8 39.4-18.8zm-133.6 1.5h36v119.9h-36z" />
            </symbol>

            <symbol id="icon-twitter-x" viewBox="0 0 300 300.3" aria-labeledby="title">
                <title>X</title>
                <path fill="currentColor"
                    d="m178.6 127.2 111.7-127.2h-26.5l-100 112.4-77.5-110.4-86.3-2 117.1 166.9-117.1 133.4h26.5l102.4-116.6 81.8 116.6h89.3m-264-280.8h40.7l187.1 262.1h-40.7" />
            </symbol>

            <symbol id="icon-facebook" viewBox="0 0 32 32" aria-labeledby="title">
                <title>Facebook</title>
                <path fill="currentColor"
                    d="m21.95 5.005-3.306-.004c-3.206 0-5.277 2.124-5.277 5.415v2.495H10.05v4.515h3.317l-.004 9.575h4.641l.004-9.575h3.806l-.003-4.514h-3.803v-2.117c0-1.018.241-1.533 1.566-1.533l2.366-.001.01-4.256z" />
            </symbol>

        </defs>
    </svg>


<!-- priority sections -->
<!-- priority sections end-->


<div class="page-header tag-page ">
    <span>results for </span> ( Faculty and Researchers )
</div>

<div class="result-items " data-total="7" data-total-max="66"
    role="group">


        <a box-num="0" class="result-item normal" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/mit-undergraduate-education"
        role="button">
        <div class="content" style=" background-position:center center;        background-image: url(https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Cesar-Meza_hero.png);" title="&#8220;I Didn’t Expect People to Be So Kind and Compassionate&#8221;">
            <div class="overlay"></div>
            <span class="caption">                 <div class="pre-title">
                    Spectrum Magazine                </div>
                                <span class="no-video "></span>
                &#8220;I Didn’t Expect People to Be So Kind and Compassionate&#8221;            </span>
        </div>
    </a>
        <a box-num="1" class="result-item normal" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/real-people-real-solutions-at-d-lab"
        role="button">
        <div class="content" style=" background-position:center center;        background-image: url(https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Real-People_Real-Solutions_hero.png);" title="Real People, Real Solutions at D-Lab">
            <div class="overlay"></div>
            <span class="caption">                 <div class="pre-title">
                    Spectrum Magazine                </div>
                                <span class="no-video "></span>
                Real People, Real Solutions at D-Lab            </span>
        </div>
    </a>
        <a box-num="2" class="result-item normal" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/mit-economists-daron-acemoglu-and-simon-johnson-share-nobel-prize/"
        role="button">
        <div class="content" style=" background-position:center center;        background-image: url(https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Johnson-Acemoglu-01-press.jpg);" title="MIT economists Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson share Nobel Prize">
            <div class="overlay"></div>
            <span class="caption">                 <span class="no-video "></span>
                MIT economists Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson share Nobel Prize            </span>
        </div>
    </a>
        <a box-num="3" class="result-item normal" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/victor-ambros-75-phd-79-and-gary-ruvkun-share-nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine/"
        role="button">
        <div class="content" style=" background-position:center center;        background-image: url(https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/MIT-Nobel-Ambros-Ruvkun-01_0.jpg);" title="Victor Ambros ’75, PhD ’79 and Gary Ruvkun share Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">
            <div class="overlay"></div>
            <span class="caption">                 <span class="no-video "></span>
                Victor Ambros ’75, PhD ’79 and Gary Ruvkun share Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine            </span>
        </div>
    </a>
        <a box-num="4" class="result-item normal clearRow" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/intellectual-freedom-was-part-of-what-made-me-fall-in-love-with-research"
        role="button">
        <div class="content" style=" background-position:center center;        background-image: url(https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Desmond-Edwards-_hero-e1730320077957.png);" title="&#8220;Intellectual Freedom Was Part of What Made me Fall in Love with Research&#8221;">
            <div class="overlay"></div>
            <span class="caption">                 <div class="pre-title">
                    Spectrum Magazine                </div>
                                <span class="no-video "></span>
                &#8220;Intellectual Freedom Was Part of What Made me Fall in Love with Research&#8221;            </span>
        </div>
    </a>
        <a box-num="5" class="result-item normal" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/fellowships-and-spaces-for-the-whole-student"
        role="button">
        <div class="content" style=" background-position:center center;        background-image: url();" title="Fellowships and Spaces for the Whole Student">
            <div class="overlay"></div>
            <span class="caption">                 <div class="pre-title">
                    Spectrum Magazine                </div>
                                <span class="no-video "></span>
                Fellowships and Spaces for the Whole Student            </span>
        </div>
    </a>
        <a box-num="6" class="result-item normal" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/spectrum/issues/2024-fall/presidential-fellowship-moves-innovation-and-research-forward"
        role="button">
        <div class="content" style=" background-position:center center;        background-image: url(https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Presidential-Fellowship_hero.jpg);" title="Presidential Fellowship Moves Innovation and Research Forward">
            <div class="overlay"></div>
            <span class="caption">                 <div class="pre-title">
                    Spectrum Magazine                </div>
                                <span class="no-video "></span>
                Presidential Fellowship Moves Innovation and Research Forward            </span>
        </div>
    </a>
                <a class="result-item load-more">
        <div class="content ">
            <span class="icon"></span>
            <span class="caption">Load more</span>
        </div>
    </a>

    </div>
<div class="clearfix"></div>

<section class="story-footer nav-dark">
    <div class="container-fluid ">

        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-1"></div>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                <hr>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="row explore-topics">
            <div class="col-md-2"></div>
            <div class="col-md-8">
                <p class="story-footer-header">
                    Explore Topics
                </p>

                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/faculty-and-researchers/"
                    title="Faculty and Researchers">Faculty and Researchers</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/health-and-life-sciences/"
                    title="Health and Life Sciences">Health and Life Sciences</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/school-of-science/"
                    title="School of Science">School of Science</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/undergraduate-student-aid/"
                    title="Undergraduate Student Aid">Undergraduate Student Aid</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/whole-student-experience/"
                    title="Whole Student Experience">Whole Student Experience</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/school-of-architecture-and-planning/"
                    title="School of Architecture and Planning">School of Architecture and Planning</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/innovation-for-impact/"
                    title="Innovation for Impact">Innovation for Impact</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/school-of-humanities-arts-social-sciences/"
                    title="School of Humanities Arts and Social Sciences">School of Humanities Arts and Social Sciences</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/human-health/"
                    title="Human Health">Human Health</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/q-and-a/"
                    title="Q&amp;A">Q&amp;A</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/school-of-engineering/"
                    title="School of Engineering">School of Engineering</a>
                <!--  -->
                                                <a role="button" class="btn btn-gray-light-wire" href="https://betterworld.mit.edu/tag/whole-student-profiles/"
                    title="Whole Student Profiles">Whole Student Profiles</a>
                <!--  -->
                            </div>

        </div>


        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-1"></div>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                <hr>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    </section>
<br>

<input type="hidden" name="relatedTags" id="relatedTags" value="     " />


<script type="text/javascript">
window.result_max_pages = 3;
window.result_page = 1;
window.page_type = 'Topic Page';
window.page_tag_name = 'Faculty and Researchers';
</script>
<hr class="print-only">
<footer class="nav-dark">
        <div class="join-us">
        <div class="container-fluid">
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-md-6 globe"></div>
                <div class="col-md-5">
                    <h2>
                                                Your support helps make a better world.<br><br>
                        <a class="btn btn--black" href="https://giving.mit.edu/" target="_blank">Give to MIT</a>
                                            </h2>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
        <div class="mega-footer">
        <div class="container-fluid">
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-md-1 hidden-sm hidden-xs"></div>
                <div class="col-md-2 col-sm-3 hidden-xs ">
                    <a class="mit-logo-link" href="https://mit.edu" target="_blank">
                        <svg aria-hidden="true" class="spectrum-mit-footer-logo" style="width:150px;height:50px;">
                            <use xlink:href="#logo-mit"></use>
                        </svg>
                    </a>
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-3">
                    <nav>
                        <a href="/">Home</a>
                        <a href="/campaign-priorities/">Priorities</a>
                        <a href="/schools-and-units/">Schools</a>
                        <a href="https://spectrum.mit.edu/" target="_blank">MIT Spectrum</a>
                        <a href="/support/">Support</a>
                    </nav>

                </div>
                <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-3">
                    <div class="more-info">
                        <h4>Contact Us</h4>
                        <div class="contact-us-label">
                        </div>
                        <a class="contact-us-email" href="mailto:betterworld@mit.edu">betterworld@mit.edu</a>
                        <a href="tel:+16173249228" class="contact-us-phone" aria-label="telephone number">+1 617 324
                            9228</a>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-3">
                    <div class="more-info">
                        <h4>Learn More</h4>
                        <nav>
                            <a target="_blank" href="https://giving.mit.edu/explore/faculty-research?source=WBBW">Ways to Give</a>
                            <a target="_blank" href="https://alum.mit.edu/about/privacy-statement">Privacy Statement</a>
                            <a target="_blank" href="https://accessibility.mit.edu/">Accessibility</a>

                        </nav>

                        <div>
                            <ul class="social-footer">
                                <li><a class="svg-linkedin icon" role="button" title="LinkedIn"
                                        href="//www.linkedin.com/company/mitspectrum/" target="_blank"><span
                                            class="icon-linkedin">LinkedIn</span></a></li>

                                <li><a class="svg-facebook icon" role="button" title="Facebook"
                                        href="//www.facebook.com/Spectrum.MIT" target="_blank"><span
                                            class="icon-facebook">Facebook</span></a></li>

                                <li><a class="svg-twitter-x icon" role="button" title="X" aria-label="Share on X"
                                        href="//twitter.com/MIT_Spectrum" target="_blank"><span
                                            class="icon-twitter-x">X</span></a></li>

                                <li><a class="svg-youtube icon" role="button" title="YouTube"
                                        href="//www.youtube.com/channel/UCxX4WRen2idglKsv8Rgy-xg" target="_blank"><span
                                            class="icon-youtube">YouTube</span></a></li>
                            </ul>
                        </div>

                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <p class="print-only">
        <strong>Thank you for helping MIT make a better world.</strong><br />
        <a href="https://betterworld.mit.edu">betterworld.mit.edu</a> | #MITBetterWorld
    </p>

    <a class="footer-logo mit-logo-mobile visible-xs" href="#"><img
            src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/img/logo-mit-footer.png" alt="MIT Logo" width="150"
            height="auto" /></a>
    </div>

</footer>


<div id="fullScreenVideoOverlay" class="hidden">
    <video oncontextmenu="return false;" controls id="fullScreenVideoOverlayVideo" controls></video>
    <iframe src="" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen height="100%" width="100%"
        class="hide" id="fullScreenVideoEmbed"></iframe>
    <button id="fullScreenVideoOverlayButtonClose" class="btn btn-white-wire">Close</button>
</div>


<script type="text/javascript" src="https://betterworld.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/wp-campaign-theme/assets/js/app.js"></script>
<!--<script type="text/javascript" src="//s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=ra-56c37cec668a0599"></script>-->

<script>
//prod
(function(i, s, o, g, r, a, m) {
    i['GoogleAnalyticsObject'] = r;
    i[r] = i[r] || function() {
        (i[r].q = i[r].q || []).push(arguments)
    }, i[r].l = 1 * new Date();
    a = s.createElement(o),
        m = s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];
    a.async = 1;
    a.src = g;
    m.parentNode.insertBefore(a, m)
})(window, document, 'script', 'https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js', 'ga');

ga('create', 'UA-76635636-1', 'auto');

//MIT site-wide Google Analytics
ga('create', 'UA-1592615-30', {
    'name': 'mitsitewide'
});
ga('mitsitewide.send', 'pageview');

</script>

<!-- Google tag (gtag.js) From Ben 2023-->
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-7BDMB2M9LT"></script>
<script>
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];

function gtag() {
    dataLayer.push(arguments);
}
gtag('js', new Date());

gtag('config', 'G-7BDMB2M9LT');
</script>

<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<script>
(function(w, d, s, l, i) {
    w[l] = w[l] || [];
    w[l].push({
        'gtm.start':

            new Date().getTime(),
        event: 'gtm.js'
    });
    var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],

        j = d.createElement(s),
        dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : '';
    j.async = true;
    j.src =

        'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl;
    f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f);

    /* {
        color: red
    } */
})(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-PMM8MD7');
</script>

<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->


<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->

<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PMM8MD7" height="0" width="0"
        style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>

<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->

<style>
.btn--black {
    display: inline-block;
    *display: inline;
    zoom: 1;
    line-height: normal;
    white-space: nowrap;
    vertical-align: baseline;
    text-align: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    -webkit-user-drag: none;
    -webkit-user-select: none;
    -moz-user-select: none;
    -ms-user-select: none;
    user-select: none;
    *font-size: 90%;
    font-family: 'Roboto Mono', monospace;
    *overflow: visible;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    color: #fff;
    color: white;
    *color: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #000;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    background-color: #000;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 40px;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -webkit-transition: 0.1s linear -webkit-box-shadow;
    -moz-transition: 0.1s linear -moz-box-shadow;
    -ms-transition: 0.1s linear box-shadow;
    -o-transition: 0.1s linear box-shadow;
    transition: 0.1s linear box-shadow;
}

.btn--black::-moz-focus-inner {
    padding: 0;
    border: 0;
}

.btn--black:hover,
.btn--black:focus {
    color: gray;
    filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr=#80000000, endColorstr=#80000000, GradientType=0);
    background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(transparent), color-stop(40%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)), to(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)));
    background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 40%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5));
    background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5));
    background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 40%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5));
    background-image: -o-linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 40%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5));
    background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 40%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5));
}

.btn--black:focus {
    outline: 0;
}

.btn--black:visited {
    background: transparent;
}

.btn--black:visited {
    color: #fff;
    background: #000;
}

.btn--black:hover {
    background: #fff;
    color: #000;
}

.btn--black:focus {
    background: #000;
    color: #fff;
}

.btn--black:active {
    color: #fff;
    background: #000;
}
</style>


<script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"ab0374a39e","applicationID":"357127111","transactionName":"Z1QGZBZQVkNYU0YNWV4eJVMQWFdeFkRTAw==","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":304,"atts":"SxMFEl5KRU0=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body>

</html>